Starting in 2011, armed security emerged as an effective, though costly, mitigation measure and to date no commercial vessel employing professional armed guards has been seized by pirates. It has become increasingly violent, however, following the civil war for two reasons. Armed robbery is one of the most popular crimes in contemporary nigerian society. African approaches to maritime security the gulf of guinea. The nigerian society has not been well governed because of corruption and impunity since 1960 when it gained. Problematising armed robbery in contemporary nigeria and setting the. Abstractthis is a nigerian study, which initially aimed to examine armed robbery culture and the youth subculture.
Unemployment convergence among the 36 states in nigeria introduction terrorism, kidnapping, armed robbery and the spate of bombings in nigeria of recent has brought to greater attention the challenge of unemployment in the country. Any person who has unlawful carnal knowledge of a woman or girl. With the employment of subcultural theory, the study became intellectually unviable in explaining the primary data. In addition, after the april elections, kidnapping became a business tool to settle grievances by groups who felt shortchanged by politicians they worked for tell, december 17, 2007, p. Armed robbery and national security by ani comfort chinyere mrs. Defence, security, economy and development in nigeria. The threat and use of salws further impedes the delivery of economic and humanitarian7 support to communities in conflict. You have signed your death warrant torture and other ill treatment in the special antirobbery squad amnesty international 8 background sars. The current study was originally intended to be a comparative study of armed robbery in nigeria and britain or more precisely england.
In this and other ways, greedy leaders have wasted the resources of the country there by reducing nigeria to its present state of confusion osoba, 1996. Pdf predictors and risk factors of armed robbery victimisation in. Armed robbery is a type of robbery aided by weapons to threaten, force and deprive a person or persons of the right to private, public or corporate belongings. Nigeria, country of origin information coi report, p. Armed bandits, abduct more than 140 people in birningwari in kaduna state, nigeria. The report rated nigeria high on the following critical variables. Piracy and armed robbery hereafter referred to as piracy in the gulf of guinea region is an established criminal activity and is of increasing concern to the maritime sector with recent attacks. The data in this article involves the reported cases of murder, arm robbery, assault, felonious. It involves an evaluative study of any type of crime as it affects more than one culture, or one. Structural adjustment programme in nigeria and its implications on socioeconomic development, 19801995 article pdf available december 2016 with 28,127 reads how we measure reads. Nigeria moderate advancement 2 bureau of international labor affairs 2017 findings on the worst forms of child labor table 2.
Armed robbery in nigeria research explorer the university of. Nigeria customs service ncs intercepts about 200,000. The robbery and firearms decree 1984 still applicable. Background th incident profile there are worrying security concerns in kaduna state, northwest of nigeria where armed robbers unleashed assaults against the people of birnin gwari, killing many and dispossessing several others of their valuables. Despite the fact that the scourge of armed robbery plagues much of nigeria. Nigeria customs service ncs intercepts about 200,000 live ammunition in niger state, nigeria. In nigeria, everything has value and can be resold on the black market.
This lack of format in the deployment and management. This resulted in the introduction of embarked armed security personnel onboard commercial vessels to thwart incidents of piracy and armed robbery. Piracy and armed robbery hereafter referred to as piracy in the gulf of guinea region is an established. Armed robbery and armed robbers in contemporary nigeria. However, as rates of maritime crime persist, with the gulf of guinea being the most active area, 8 the need to develop and modernize piracy law remains largely unaddressed. However, the presence of armed sars officers during the visit made it impossible to verify this. R 11 laws of the federation of nigeria lfn 2004 respectively. Armed robbery at sea consists of any of the following acts. There is a known correlation between crime and festive seasons in which crime increases a month prior to holidays. The penal code act lfn 1990 impari materia with the penal code operational in the various states in the northern part of the country.
The use of armed guards and the presence of foreign navies, which proved to be an effective deterrent in the hoa, are therefore not options for the gog. Introduction the prevalence of armed robbery in nigeria is fast becoming an epidemic. Thus, it is safe to say that in the solitary crime of armed robbery is found the constitutive crimes of stealing, robbery and illegal possession of firearms. This article introduces the maritime piracy data mpd, a dataset dedicated to understanding the nature, dynamics, and causes of contemporary piracy and armed robbery against ships. Pastoralism and security in west africa and the sahel.
The analysis also shows that armed robbery incidents increased in march 2017. Challenges and solutions to migrant integration, diversity and social cohesion in africa dr. Managing police personnel for effective crime control in nigeria. A rape suspect may as well decide to represent himself without a lawyer. Challenges facing pastoralists loss of pasture and blockage of transhumance routes depletion of livestock insufficient animal feed in the dry season table of contents. Armed robbery in nigeria a qualitative study of young. Analysis of selected crime data in nigeria sciencedirect. When the police left, they claimed to have interrupted an armed robbery and to have.
In the face of ever increasing acts of lawlessness, social disorder, armed robbery, and senseless vindictive assassinations in nigeria, it has become necessary to look for causal explanations that go beyond superficial semantics. Once a rape case is reported to the police, the latter will. One in three robbery victims sustains at least minor. Armed robbery has occurred throughout nigerian history. Nigeria is a federal republic composed of 36 states and a capital territory, with a population of approximately 140 million. Offences relating to sheltering and treating armed robber. Guidelines for owners, operators and masters for protection against piracy in the gulf of guinea region v2 june 2016. Attackers in the gulf of guinea region are flexible in their operations so it is difficult to predict a precise area where a. Sharia penal code applicable in 12 northern states. Specifically, the study will look at armed robbery from the point of view of offenders and the factors responsible for their crime. Data on reported cases of armed robbery and populations across the states of nigeria in the year 2006 were analyzed using pearsons. Otu abstract this present study aligns with the agelong calls for the study of criminal behaviour in. Background and working methods the special antirobbery squad is a branch of the nigerian police created to fight violent crimes including armed robbery and kidnapping.
Nigeria, togo, cameroon, and benin can be regarded as an area in which the counterpiracy management. Coseg worries about spate of robbery in lagos and ogun. Nigeria, very little is known about the association between population density as an independent variable and the frequency and rate of crime. The rapidly increasing rate of armed robbery victimisation in nigeria. For instance, the driver of the getaway car is guilty of the armed robbery of a store even though the driver never left the car, and the entire robbery itself was committed by others. Armed bandits, abduct more than 140 people in birningwari. Major crimes in nigeria include rape, kidnapping, murder, burglary, fraud, terrorism, robbery. Trafficking in narcotics, fake and substandard pharmaceuticals 3. Chart a the following 9 locations shared more than two third of the total reported. A replacement was made by seeking recourse to anomiestrain theory and control theory to explain the data. In 2012, the international maritime bureaus imb piracy reporting centre recorded 58 attacks, including 10 hijackings. Overview of childrens work by sector and activity sectorindustry activity categorical worst forms of child labor recruitment of children by nonstate armed groups for use in armed conflict and in nonconflict support. The cost of these documents and services provided by transnational criminal.
Piracy and armed robbery against ships are increasing in the gulf of guinea as well as in. Effects of insecurity on community development projects in. Piracy and armed robbery in the gulf of guinea region is an established criminal activity and is of serious concern to the maritime sector. It is being blamed on the dwindling economic fortunes of majority and the widening gap between the affluent and the poor in our society leading to violent crimes especially armed robbery. Ruth alabi of the sum of n50, 000 while armed with a locally made pistol on. However, one in every 750 robbery victims is killed, and one in every forty is seriously injured. The special antirobbery squad sars, a special branch of the nigeria police created to fight. The public maintains a profound distrust of the police, who are seen as ineffective, corrupt and. Armed robbery against ships means any of the following acts. Data on reported cases of armed robbery and populations across the states of nigeria in. The uniform crime reports data on robbery lack much detail. The recent incidents of armed robbery cases in lagos and ogun state boundaries in the past few days have been described as worrisome and that the concerned states should form a joint boarder patrol or come up with partnership in the area of crime prevention and socio economic development. Bulwark intelligence data analysis shows that lagos state recorded the highest number of robbery incidents, between august 2016 and march 2017.
National human development report, 2015 human security and human development in nigeria december, 2015. Armed robbery prevention and response you should develop appropriate strategies around how cash is handled and sensible business precautions and procedures to reduce the risk of armed robbery to your business. The impact of organised crime on governance in west africa. The contents of this u report in no way represent the policies, views, or attitudes of the united. According to igbo 2000, violence appears to be the norm rather than the exception for armed robbery in nigeria cited in igbo, 2007.
Icc international maritime bureau piracy and armed robbery against ships 2004 5. Nigeria country reports on human rights practices 2006 released by the bureau of democracy, human rights, and labor march 6, 2007 nigeria is a federal republic composed of 36 states and a capital territory, with a population of approximately 140 million. Armed robbery, on the other hand, occurs within a states territorial waters, where most countries prohibit the use of private armed guards. Unemployment convergence among the 36 states in nigeria. Defence, security, economy and development in nigeria february 26 march 1, 2017. Some analysts mohammed 2012 have argued that the high rates of. The following offences attract capital punishment under the provisions of the. Article pdf available in european scientific journal 1429 october 2018.
Parties to crime and vicarious liability introduction a person can be criminally liable for the acts of another if they are a party to the offense. Nigerias human rights record, including the frequent use of torture by the police. Armed robbery is a social menace that persistently continues to retard the development of the. Major types of organised criminal activities in the gulf of guinea 1. Sociology of law at the university of jos, in nigeria. Armed robbery against ships means any of the following acts1 any illegal act of violence or detention or any act of depredation, or threat thereof, other than an act of piracy. Bibliotherapy as a problemsolving skill of counsellors.
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